Socio-Political Legislation During Parliamentary Governments In Pakistan (1988-1999)

International Islamic University Islamabad

History and Pakistan Studies

By: Muhammad Altaf Malik

Supervised By: Dr Noman Omer Sattar

Academic Level: MS

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Abstract

The at hand study is an effort to dig out socio political issues that were on hand during the period of 1988-99,and were debated on forum of the Parliament .Parliament paid keen focus on these issues and approved very valuable legislations on these issues. This thesis will discover the background of socio-political issues and will present the significant commentary on Parliamentary debates and legislations. It will also bring to light the merits and demerits of socio-political legislations that were passed during the period of 1988-99.The study will also highlight the differences between legislations of despotic period and legislations of Parliamentary period.

An interesting analysis will be presented on Benazir Bhutto period’s legislations and Nawaz Sharif period. The thesis will present comparative study on both periods of Nawaz Sharif and Benazir and will trace out differences and similarity in theirs legislative work. It is clear like crystal, parliament took up very serious steps on socio- political issues and issues were debated well in the forum of parliament, than legislations were passed on these issues. No doubt lots of laws were made on socio-political issues. But why did the state of society not change? All related debates of Parliament have been quoted in the thesis and these quotations made thesis more interesting and informative. This thesis presents lot of suggestions and shows the course that goes to needy sectors of society for legislations.

This study will dig out new areas for legislations that have been neglected badly up to now. In nut shell the thesis shows full fledged review on socio- political legislations that was passed during the period of 1988-99 by the Parliament.

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On the direction of the Chairman Senate/President PIPS Board of Governors, the Pakistan Institute for Parliamentary Services (PIPS), has implemented a comprehensive set of measures aimed at ensuring fiscal discipline, operational efficiency, and responsible utilization of public resources, on the same lines as notified and adopted by the Senate and National Assembly Secretariats.

Under the new measures, the Institute has adopted a four-day working week (Monday to Thursday), while introducing a hybrid working model whereby 50% of staff will perform duties from the office and 50% will work remotely on a rotational basis. Employees working from home will remain fully accessible through digital communication platforms and may be required to report to the office on short notice, ensuring uninterrupted institutional functioning.

Significant steps have also been taken to promote energy conservation. These include a target of achieving up to 70% reduction in energy consumption through minimizing unnecessary use of electricity and ensuring that official meetings, trainings, and events are scheduled during daylight hours. Foreign tours are banned and international meetings are being held virtually.

In the transport section, PIPS has introduced strict measures to curtail expenditure and 70% official vehicles have been grounded as part of this initiative.

As part of broader austerity efforts, 20% reduction has been imposed on the non-ERE budget for the fourth quarter of the current financial year. The officers drawing a monthly salary of PKR 300,000 or more, shall surrendered two days salary or 5% to 30% salary on gross as per Federal Government decision.

The Institute has also discontinued all non-essential procurements with immediate effect. Official functions such as dinners and receptions will not be hosted, except in the case of visiting foreign delegations, and even then, strictly in accordance with austerity protocols.

These measures have been implemented with immediate effect and will remain in force until further orders.

Under the guidance of President PIPS Board of Governors, Syed Yousaf Raza Gilani, PIPS remains fully committed to maintaining its core functions of parliamentary support, capacity building, and research while contributing proactively to national austerity and sustainability goals.